Home : Unsafe Drugs : Factive : Wikipedia : Gemifloxacin

Wikipedia - Gemifloxacin

 This article is missing citations or needs footnotes. Please help add inline citations to guard against copyright violations and factual inaccuracies. (October 2007)
Gemifloxacin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
7-[(4Z)-3-(aminomethyl)- 4-methoxyimino-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo- 1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 175463-14-6
ATC code J01MA15
PubChem CID 5464436
DrugBank APRD00053
Chemical data
Formula C18H20FN5O4 
Mol. mass 389.381 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 71%
Protein binding 60-70%
Metabolism Limited metabolism by the liver to minor metabolites
Excretion Feces (61%); urine (36%)
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat. C
Legal status â„ž Prescription only
Routes Oral/IV under development
 YesY(what is this?)  (verify)

Gemifloxacin mesylate (trade name Factive, Oscient Pharmaceuticals) is an oral broad-spectrum quinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and mild-to-moderate pneumonia. Oscient Pharmaceuticals has licensed the active ingredient from LG Life Sciences of Korea.

Contents

[edit] Indications

Gemifloxacin is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below. Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis caused by S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, or Moraxella catarrhalis. Community-acquired pneumonia (of mild to moderate severity) caused by S. pneumoniae (including multi-drug resistant strains, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or Klebsiella pneumoniae.

[edit] Microbiology

Gemifloxacin has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms:

Aerobic gram-positive microorganisms - Streptococcus pneumoniae[1]

including multi-drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (MDRSP). MDRSP includes isolates previously known as PRSP (penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae), and are strains resistant to two or more of the following antibiotics: penicillin, 2nd generation cephalosporins, e.g., cefuroxime, macrolides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible strains only) and Streptococcus pyogenes
Aerobic gram-negative microorganisms - Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae (many strains are moderately susceptible), Moraxella catarrhalis, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Klebsiella oxytoca, Legionella pneumophila, Proteus vulgaris.
Other microorganisms - Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae

[edit] Adverse effects

See also: Adverse effects of fluoroquinolones

Fluoroquinolones are generally well tolerated with most side effects being mild and serious adverse effects being rarely.[2][3] Some of the serious adverse effects which occur more commonly with fluoroquinolones than with other antibiotic drug classes include CNS and tendon toxicity.[4][5] The currently marketed quinolones have safety profiles similar to that of other antimicrobial classes.[6]

The serious events may occur with therapeutic or with acute overdose. At therapeutic doses they include: central nervous system toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, tendon / articular toxicity, and rarely hepatic toxicity.[7] Events that may occur in acute overdose are rare and include: renal failure and seizure.[7] Children and the elderly are at greater risk.[5][2] Adverse reactions may manifest during, as well as after fluoroquinolone therapy.[8]

Some groups refer to these adverse events as "fluoroquinolone toxicity". These groups of people claim to have suffered serious long term harm to their health from using fluoroquinolones. This has led to a class action lawsuit by people harmed by the use of fluoroquinolones as well as action by the consumer advocate group Public Citizen.[9][10] Partly as a result of the efforts of Public Citizen the FDA ordered a black box warnings on all fluoroquinolones advising consumers of the possible toxic effects of fluoroquinolones on tendons.[11]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Calvo A, Gimenez MJ (2002). "Ex Vivo Serum Activity (Killing Rates) After Gemifloxacin 320 mg Versus Trovafloxacin 200 mg Single Doses Against Ciprofloxacin-Susceptible and -Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae". Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 20 (2): 144–6. PMID 12297365. 
  2. ^ a b Owens RC, Ambrose PG (July 2005). "Antimicrobial safety: focus on fluoroquinolones". Clin. Infect. Dis. 41 Suppl 2: S144–57. doi:10.1086/428055. PMID 15942881. 
  3. ^ Ball P, Mandell L, Niki Y, Tillotson G (November 1999). "Comparative tolerability of the newer fluoroquinolone antibacterials". Drug Saf 21 (5): 407–21. PMID 10554054. 
  4. ^ Owens RC, Ambrose PG (July 2005). "Antimicrobial safety: focus on fluoroquinolones". Clin. Infect. Dis. 41 Suppl 2: S144–57. doi:10.1086/428055. PMID 15942881. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/resolve?CID34940. 
  5. ^ a b Iannini PB (June 2007). "The safety profile of moxifloxacin and other fluoroquinolones in special patient populations". Curr Med Res Opin 23 (6): 1403–13. doi:10.1185/030079907X188099. PMID 17559736. 
  6. ^ Owens RC, Ambrose PG (July 2005). "Antimicrobial safety: focus on fluoroquinolones". Clin. Infect. Dis. 41 Suppl 2: S144–57. doi:10.1086/428055. PMID 15942881. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/resolve?CID34940. 
  7. ^ a b Nelson, Lewis H.; Flomenbaum, Neal; Goldfrank, Lewis R.; Hoffman, Robert Louis; Howland, Mary Deems; Neal A. Lewin (2006). Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies. New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division. ISBN 0-07-143763-0. OCLC url=http://books.google.com/books?id=cvJuLqBxGUcC&pg=PA849&dq=goldfranks+Fluoroquinolone+toxicity. 
  8. ^ Saint F, Gueguen G, Biserte J, Fontaine C, Mazeman E (September 2000). "[Rupture of the patellar ligament one month after treatment with fluoroquinolone"] (in French). Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 86 (5): 495–7. PMID 10970974. http://www.masson.fr/masson/MDOI-RCO-09-2000-86-5-0035-1040-101019-ART7. 
  9. ^ http://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2006/08/pubcit_cipro.html
  10. ^ http://www.mnd.uscourts.gov/MDL-Levaquin/index.shtml
  11. ^ "FDA orders 'black box' label on some antibiotics". CNN. 2008-07-08. http://www.cnn.com/2008/HEALTH/07/08/antibiotics.risk/index.html. Retrieved 2008-07-08. 


v â€¢ d â€¢ e
Antibacterials: nucleic acid inhibitors (J01E, J01M)
Antifolates
(inhibits
purine metabolism,
thereby inhibiting
DNA and RNA synthesis)
Other/ungrouped
Combinations
Topoisomerase
inhibitors/
quinolones/
(inhibits
DNA replication)
Ciprofloxacin#  Â· Enoxacin‡ Â· Fleroxacin‡ Â· Lomefloxacin Â· Nadifloxacin Â· Ofloxacin Â· Norfloxacin Â· Pefloxacin Â· Rufloxacin
Balofloxacin Â· Grepafloxacin‡ Â· Levofloxacin Â· Pazufloxacin Â· Sparfloxacin‡ Â· Temafloxacin‡ Â· Tosufloxacin
Besifloxacin Â· Clinafloxacin† Â· Garenoxacin Â· Gemifloxacin Â· Moxifloxacin Â· Gatifloxacin‡ Â· Sitafloxacin Â· Trovafloxacin‡/Alatrofloxacin‡ Â· Prulifloxacin
Related agents (DG)
Anaerobic DNA
inhibitors
Nitro- imidazole derivatives
Nitrofuran derivatives
RNA synthesis
#WHO-EM. ‡Withdrawn from market. CLINICAL TRIALS: †Phase III. §Never to phase III

M: BAC

drug(J1p, w, n, m, vacc)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemifloxacin"

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Gemifloxacin".

Need A Factive Attorney?

First Name Last Name Email Address State
Was Your Health Negatively Affected?

Please Describe the Injury

Your Friend's Email Address

Your Email Address

Type a Message (optional)


Looking for a Factive attorney in District of Columbia? Get in touch with one of our Factive attorneys in District of Columbia now.

 

Close (x)

Looking for an Attorney?


Please type your question:

Close (x)

logo Find Legal Help for Your Factive Case - Submit Your Information Below

Do you need legal assistance with your Factive case?
LegalView may be able to help.


Submit your information below for a free, no-cost evaluation.

We'll submit your information to one of our partner firms.
LegalView's partners represent clients throughout the United States, for a very wide range of legal issues. Submit your information now, to see if one of LegalView's partners can help!

* Indicates Required Fields

First name *
Last name *
Email Address *
Phone Number *
()  -

State *
Legal Issue * Unsafe Drugs: Factive Change
Was There an Injury?
Please Describe The Injury

DISCLAIMER and STATEMENT OF NON-CONFIDENTIALITY

By submitting this form, you agree that completing the above is not intended to create an attorney-client relationship.

Disclosure

Legal WebTV Network LLC, LegalView.com, and LegalWebMedia.com are group advertising sponsored by the attorneys identified here. It is not a lawyer referral service. If you submit information on this website [more...]

Legal WebTV Network LLC, LegalView.com, and LegalWebMedia.com are group advertising sponsored by the attorneys identified here. It is not a lawyer referral service. If you submit information on this website, LegalWebMedia.com will submit your information to the law firms that pay for this group advertising and to respond to your requests for information concerning legal services in their assigned local areas. If there is no sponsoring firm in your state, your inquiry will be submitted to one of the sponsoring law firms on a predetermined, rotating basis. If the sponsoring law firm accepts your case, it will associate with licensed attorneys practicing in your state, if required; the sponsoring law firm may also contact other law firms to see if they may be able to assist.

The information provided by the LegalView.com and LegalWebMedia.com websites is for advertising and informational purposes and should not be considered as legal advice from the sponsoring attorneys. The websites contain general information and may not reflect current legal developments, verdicts, or settlements. LegalView.com contains information created by others or supplied through open forums; the sponsoring law firms are not responsible for the accuracy of this information. Any person viewing or receiving information from these websites should not act or refrain from acting on the basis of any such information without first seeking appropriate legal advice from an attorney in your area. Legal WebTV Network, LLC expressly disclaims any liability with respect to actions taken or not taken by the recipient based on any or all of the information or contents contained in these websites.

Any information sent to Legal WebTV Network LLC through this website is done using standard Web encryption techology. LegalView.com will exercise all reasonable care, within technological limits, to protect the confidentiality of any information submitted via Internet e-mail or through this website. By accessing this website, you may be seeking an attorney to represent you or legal advice. However, none of the sponsoring attorneys represent you yet.

The choice of a lawyer is an important decision and should not be based solely upon advertisements.

Any transmission of information, whether via Internet e-mail or through the website, is solely for evaluation purposes by the sponsoring law firms and their associates. The transmission of any information to any attorney sponsoring advertising on LegalView.com or LegalWebMedia.com does not create an attorney-client relationship between the sender and any recipient. An attorney-client relationship can only be created by a written, signed-fee agreement entered into with an attorney. The sponsoring attorneys will treat your information as a confidential communication for the purpose of obtaining legal services or legal advice.

For more information about the sponsoring law firms, please click here.
This form is secure and encrypted. More information about secure forms and your privacy here.